Language and Linguistics

LANUAGE DISCIPLINES : A DIVISION OF THE FIELD

ASHOK R. KELKAR



The following scheme is intended for the use of library, classified bibliographies, information storage and retrieval systems, and the like.

 

            Each index number identifying a given book, paper, piece of information stored, etc. will be composed of three marks:

 

I    The Subfieldwise Division marker e.g. 23 for General Phonetics, 8-E for   Dravidian

           II    Traditionwise Division marker e.g. Ba for Neogrammarian

          III    Subdivision marker under subfield for a language or language family e.g. 8 for Dictionaries

 

            A list of the broad divisions and their markers under each of the three heads above follows.

 

I.                    Subfields Divisions

            (For  clarification some specimen entries are mentioned in parentheses.)

            1. GENERALIA:

11.    Bibliography, listings of discs, tapes, films, etc.; collections of abstracts

12.    Encyclopedias, terminology and symbols in language study, atlas, language indexes, census

13.    History of Language Disciplines

131       Surveys

132       Critical Studies

(G. L. Bursill-Hall, The linguistic theories of J. R. Firth; C. F.        Hockett, Sound change, Language 1965)

                       133       Biographies, obituaries

                                    (Thomas A. Sebeok, Portraits of Linguists)

                        134      Directories, organization

14.    Miscellaneous Collections

141            Dedicated volumes, reading study

142         Proceedings of Conferences, Seminars etc.

143            Periodicals and other serials (transactions of societies, yearbooks,    etc.)

 

2. GENERAL LINGUISTICS :

21                Language and the field of language study

                    (W. S. Allen, On the Linguistic Study of Languages)

22                Surveys of and introductions to the field.

23                General Phonetics

231      Aticulatory Phonetics

232            Acoustic Phonetics

233            Auditory Phonetics

(Harlan Lane, The Motor theory of speech perception, Psychological review 1965)

24                 General Semiotics especially of language

(Colin Cherry, On Human communications; G. A. Miller, the Psychology    of Communication; Charles W. Morris, Signs, language and behaviour; Sapir-Whorf hypothesis; Semiology)

 

3. ANALYTIC LINGUISTICS:

           

31      Linguistic Analysis; analytic methods

32      Phonology, paraphonology, morphology

321    Segments and features

322    Prosodic features and paraphonology

323    Generative phonology, prosodic phonology, morphonology

 

33      Grammar

       331  General

332      Word-grammar; Syntax

333      Sentence-grammar; Syntax

334      Discourse-grammar

34      Lexis and Word-semantics

35      Sentence-Semantics

36      Graphomony

361    Script

362    Orthography, punctuation

37      Onomastics : place-names, personal-names, ethnic-names, etc.

38      Theory of Language Use

381    Diatypy: Register, Style

382    Performance, Communication, Speech act

383    Deviant performance, error analysis

 

4. HISTORICAL LINGUISTICS:

41      Surveys of the field;  methodology

42      Linguistic Ontogeny

43      Language change, divergence, convergence

44      Diatopy : geographical and social dialects; language areas and language networks

45      Paleography; script decipherment

 

5. CORRELATIVE LINGUISTICS:

      51   Survey of the field; contrastive and other methods

           52   Language universals

           53   Language typology

 

6. LINGUSTIC METHODOLOGY:

61                Field procedures; demography, language survey, and archiving

62                Laboratory procedures

63                The use of documents, philological and epigraphic methods

64                Lexicography, historical lexicography, etymology

65                Concordance, historical lexicography, etymology

66                Workbooks in linguistic methods

 

7. PERILINGUISTIC STUDIES:

            71  Language behaviour

711    Biology; Ethnology, Neurology

712    Psychology; psycholinguistics

7121            Language skills and use

7122            Language personally, and nonlinguistic behaviour

7123            Language attitudes

713    Child language: its biology,  psychology, sociology, ethnology

714    Language Pathology

715    Bilingualism;  pidgin and Creole, diglossia

716    Reading and Writing

717    Origin of  Language

718    Sociology and Ethnology of  Language; sociolinguistics; ethnolinguistics; social psychology of language

7181      Language use

7182      Language change

7183      Language related customs and role; language covariation

7184      Language groups and other groups

719    Culture-history and culture-geography of language; linguistic evidence     for nonlingustic culture

(Joseph Greenberg, The Measurement Linguistic diversity, Language 1956; Trevor Hill, Institutional Linguistic, Orbis 1958; Harold Goad, Language in history, Pelican Books; A. C. Woolner, Language in history and politics)

            72  Language Form

720    Language and logic; formal linguistic; mathematical linguistic;   computer-simulation of language

721    Language statistics and cybernetics

 

722    Philosophy and language

 

73   The Study of Texts

731      Philosophy and epigraphy

732      Stylistics

733      Versification

734      Language of Science           

735      Content analysis, hermeneutics

74        The Language Arts

741    Rhetoric

742    Speech and Dramatics

743    Translation

                        744  Machine Translation

75        Language Technology

76        Language and Education

761Language in education as medium and as content subject; teaching of   linguistic and other language disciplines

762  Second language learning, teaching, testing arts

76221  Learning

76222  Conditions of teaching (e.g. age of learner)

76223   Aids to teaching (including Audial & Visual Aids)

76224   Methods

76225   Testing and Follow-up

77        Language Policy, Language Planning, Language Codification

78        Communication outside natural languages

781    Artificial language

782     Body languages (Kinesics of gestures, postures), paralanguage,

     Para-writing

783    Animal Communication (Zoosemiotics)         

     8.   LANGUAGES OF THE WORLD :

81                World Survey

82                Area Surveys

83                Interfamily and interarea relations and affinities

84                Writing systems of the world

85                International artificial languages (Esperanto, etc.)

86                Contact languages (Pidgin, Creole)

     8-A Indo-European Family

            8-A1   Anatolian

            8-A2   Indo-Iranian (including Dardic but excluding Gypsy)

            8-A3  Gypsy

            8-A4  Hellenic

            8-A5  Italic

            8-A6  Celtic

            8-A7  Balto-Slavic

            8-A8  Others : Tokharian, American, Albanian, etc.

8-B      Afro-Asiatic family

            8-B1  Semitic

            8-B2  Egyptian-Coptic

            8-B3  Hamitic

            8-B4  Cushitic

8-C      Sino-Tibetan Family

            8-C1  Sinic
            8-C2  Tibeto-Burman

            8-C3  Miyao

            8-C4  Daic (Thai, Kadai)

8-D      Austric Family

            8-D1  Austro-Asiatic

            8-D2  Malayo-Polynesian

8-E      Dravidian Family

8-P      Languages of the Ancient Mediterranean and South-West Asia (including Etrusacan, Indus Valley etc.)

8-Q      Other Eurasian Languages

            8-Q1  Caucasian

            8-Q2  Ural-Altaic Family

            8-Q3  Palaeo-Siberian

            8-Q4  Korean, Japanese, Ainu

            8-Q5  Others (including Basque, Burushaski, Anadaman)

8-R      Other Pacific Area Languages

            8-R1  Australian

            8-R2  Papuan

            8-R4  Melanesian

8-S      Languages of  Negro Africa

8-T      Languages of Indian America

 

II  Traditionwise Divisions

     A    Contemporary

   A  a   American structuralist (Boas, Sapir, Bloomfield, Trager, Harris, Hockett,    Chafe, Bolinger)

   A  b   Geneva (Saussare, Frei)

   A  c   Russian Structuralist (Courtenay, Vinagradov, Polivanov, Scherba,

             Elizarenkova)

   A  d   Prague (Trubetzkoy, Jakobson, Martinet, Vacek, Garvin, Karcevski)

   A  e  Glossematic (Hjelmselv, Uldall, Togeby)

   A  f   London (Fifth, Halliday; Bazell, Mtthews)

   A  g  Tagmemic (Pike, Longacre)

   A  h  Trasnformational-Generative (Chomsky, Postal, Fillmore, Ross, McCawley, Lakoff, Bierwisch, Ruwet)

   A  i   Stratificational (Lamb, Reich)

   A  j   Applicational-Gerentive (Shaymyan)

   A  k  Sociolinguistic orientation (Labov)

   A  l    German (Harmann)

B          Modern

            B  a   Neogrammarian (Brugmann, etc.; Meillet etc.; Whitney etc.)

            B  b   Neolinguistica (Bartoli)

            B  c   Russian and East European (pre-structuralist)

            B  d   South Asian (pre-structrualist)

            B  e   Paradign and Use (also its restatements by Robbins, Hatcher,

                      Mathews)

            B  f   Pre-Structuralist (Swee, Jespersen)

C         Mediveal and Early Modern in Europe

 

D         Classical European

            D  a  Greek

            D  b  Latin

 

E          Ancient and Medieval Indian

            E  a  Pre-an co-Paninian

            E  b  Latin

            E  c  Post-Paninian (eg. Grammarians of Prakrit, Malayalam, Telugu, Kannada)

            E  d  Tamil (Toliappiyam, Nannul)

F          Arabic and Derivative

 

G         Chinese and Derivative

 

III        Sub-divisions under a language or a language family or a language area (under 85,

86, 8-A to 8-E, 8-P to 8-T)

1        Aids to study

2        General Works

3        Analytic Studies

31    Phonology, Paraphonology, morphoponology

32    Grammar

33    Lexis and Word-Semantics; Usage manuals

4        Historical and comparative study

5        Dialectology

6        Writing system

7        Practical manuals

8        Dictionaries

9        Texts, readers, anthologies

 

USEFUL LISTINGS

 

SUBJECTS IN SEARCH OF AN AUTHOR

            The grandiloquent style in Punjabi and in urdu : description, account of rise and decline, socio-cultural meaning, motivation, and acceptance in the case of each.

            A linguistic survey of the Nilgiris and the surroundings area.

            A description of  Brahman Tamil and of Literary Tamil prior to the contemporary Tamil revival (before the evidence disappears).

            Baby talk in a Dravidian or a Munda language.

            The meaning of tenses and aspects in any of the Indian languages.

            A  sociolinguistic study of small talk.

            Reconstruction and subgrouping in New Indo-Aryan.

            Structural sketches of the scripts of India (especially the lesser-known scripts).

            Constraints on the order of prebases in Sanskrit verbs and  nominals (thus, prati precedes and never follows ā).

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

FROM THE SOCIETY’S  OFFICE

 

            The Fifth All-India Conference of Linguistics will be held on Monday-Tuesday 30-31 December 1974 at Jawaharlal Nehru University, New Delhi under the joint auspices of the University and the Linguistic Society of India.

           

            Papers are invited on various areas in the field and in particular for the Symposia on: 1 teaching of a second/foreign language in a multilingual community.  2 Discourse structure.  Send abstracts by 31 October 1974 and the papers in full by 30 November 1974.

 

           For further enquires please contact :

           Dr. C. J. DASWANI,

           Conference Secretary,

           School of Languages,

           Jawaharlal Nehru University,

           NEW DELHI 110 057.